Systems and methods for peer-to-peer exchanges of non-fungible digital assets

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods for facilitating peer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets that are usable within an online gaming platform are disclosed. Exemplary implementations may: execute an instance of a game; receive an inventory request for information regarding a first user inventory; access a blockchain to obtain asset information; transfer the asset information in response to the inventory request; receive a transfer request to transfer ownership of a first digital asset from a first user to a second user; transfer the ownership of the first digital asset as requested.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for peer-to-peerexchanges of digital assets that are usable within an online gamingplatform.

BACKGROUND

Online gaming platforms are known. Users of online gaming platformsexchanging digital in-game assets to other users through a centralizedexchange server (such as the online gaming platform itself) is known.Blockchains are known to function as decentralized ledgers.

SUMMARY

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system configured forpeer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets. In some implementations, thedigital assets are not fungible. The system may comprise an onlinegaming platform, a decentralized ledger server, and/or other components.The online gaming platform may be configured to host one or more games.The online gaming platform may include one or more processors configuredby machine-readable instructions. The online gaming platform may beconfigured to execute, within the online gaming platform, an instance ofa game to facilitate presentation of the game to users. The onlinegaming platform may be configured to implement in-game actions in theinstance of the game in response to action requests for the in-gameactions by the users. The presentation of the game may be based on viewsof the game that are determined during execution of the game. The usersmay include a first user that interacts with the online gaming platform.The decentralized ledger server may be configured to implement ablockchain. The decentralized ledger server may include one or moreprocessors configured by machine-readable instructions. Thedecentralized ledger server may be configured to record, on theblockchain, rights pertaining to digital assets. The recorded rights mayreflect ownership of a first digital asset by the first user. The firstdigital asset may be not fungible. The first digital asset may be usablewithin the online gaming platform to perform an individual in-gameaction in the instance of the game. The first digital asset mayrepresent a three-dimensional in-game user-controllable character thatcan interact with other virtual items within the online gaming platform.The decentralized ledger server may be configured to receiveinstructions to modify the recorded rights. The online gaming platformmay be configured to receive, on behalf of the first user, an inventoryrequest for information regarding a first user inventory. The first userinventory may be associated with the first user. The online gamingplatform may be configured to access the blockchain to obtain assetinformation about one or more of the digital assets such that therecorded rights of the one or more digital assets reflect ownership bythe first user. The one or more digital assets may include the firstdigital asset. The online gaming platform may be configured to transferinformation based on the obtained asset information in response to theinventory request. The online gaming platform may be configured toreceive, from a source external to both the online gaming platform andthe decentralized ledger server, a transfer request to transfer theownership of the first digital asset from the first user to a seconduser. The online gaming platform may be configured to generate a firstset of instructions for the decentralized ledger server to accomplishthe transfer as requested in the transfer request. The online gamingplatform may be configured to transfer the first set of instructions tothe decentralized ledger server. The decentralized ledger server may beconfigured to receive the first set of instructions from the onlinegaming platform. The decentralized ledger server may be configured totransfer, in accordance with the received first set of instructions, theownership of the first digital asset from the first user to the seconduser, such that the recorded rights on the blockchain no longer reflectthe ownership of the first digital asset by the first user.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method forfacilitating peer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets, wherein rightspertaining to the digital assets are recorded on a blockchainimplemented by a decentralized ledger server, wherein the rights reflectownership. The method may include executing, within an online gamingplatform, an instance of a game to facilitate presentation of the gameto users, and implementing in-game actions in the instance of the gamein response to action requests for the in-game actions by the users. Thepresentation of the game may be based on views of the game that aredetermined during execution of the game. The users may include a firstuser that interacts with the online gaming platform. The method mayinclude receiving, on behalf of the first user, an inventory request forinformation regarding a first user inventory. The first user inventorymay be associated with the first user. The method may include accessingthe blockchain to obtain asset information about one or more of thedigital assets such that the rights of the one or more digital assetsreflect ownership by the first user. The one or more digital assets mayinclude a first digital asset. The first digital asset may be notfungible and either may be usable within the online gaming platform toperform an individual in-game action in the instance of the game, or mayrepresent a three-dimensional in-game user-controllable character thatcan interact with other virtual items within the online gaming platform,or both. The method may include transferring information based on theobtained asset information in response to the inventory request. Themethod may include receiving, from a source external to both the onlinegaming platform and the decentralized ledger server, a transfer requestto transfer the ownership of the first digital asset from the first userto a second user. The method may include generating a first set ofinstructions for the decentralized ledger server to accomplish thetransfer as requested in the transfer request. The method may includetransferring the first set of instructions to the decentralized ledgerserver. The method may include receiving the first set of instructionsfrom the online gaming platform. The method may include transferring, inaccordance with the received first set of instructions, the ownership ofthe first digital asset from the first user to the second user, suchthat the rights as recorded on the blockchain no longer reflect theownership of the first digital asset by the first user.

As used herein, any association (or relation, or reflection, orindication, or correspondency) involving servers, processors, clientcomputing platforms, assets, requests, exchanges, offers, transactions,in-game actions, rights, benefits, ownership, users, metrics, metricvalues, scores, sets of instructions, operations, determinations,distributions, transfers, presentations, notifications, and/or anotherentity or object that interacts with any part of the system and/or playsa part in the operation of the system, may be a one-to-one association,a one-to-many association, a many-to-one association, and/or amany-to-many association or “N”-to-“M” association (note that “N” and“M” may be different numbers greater than 1).

As used herein, the term “obtain” (and derivatives thereof) may includeactive and/or passive retrieval, determination, derivation, transfer,upload, download, submission, and/or exchange of information, and/or anycombination thereof. As used herein, the term “effectuate” (andderivatives thereof) may include active and/or passive causation of anyeffect, both local and remote. As used herein, the term “determine” (andderivatives thereof) may include measure, calculate, compute, estimate,approximate, generate, and/or otherwise derive, and/or any combinationthereof.

These and other features, and characteristics of the present technology,as well as the methods of operation and functions of the relatedelements of structure and the combination of parts and economies ofmanufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of thefollowing description and the appended claims with reference to theaccompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification,wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in thevarious figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that thedrawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only andare not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. As usedin the specification and in the claims, the singular form of “a”, “an”,and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictatesotherwise.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a system configured for peer-to-peer exchanges ofdigital assets, in accordance with one or more implementations.

FIG. 2 illustrates a method for facilitating peer-to-peer exchanges ofdigital assets, in accordance with one or more implementations.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary timing diagram of actions as may occurin a system as described, in accordance with one or moreimplementations.

FIG. 4 illustrates a user interface, as may be presented to the users ofa system as described, in accordance with one or more implementations.

FIGS. 5A-5B illustrate exemplary blockchains as may be used by a systemconfigured for peer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets, in accordancewith one or more implementations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a system 100 configured for (decentralized)peer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets, in accordance with one or moreimplementations. In some implementations, system 100 may be configuredto control peer-to-peer exchanges of digital assets, including but notlimited to digital assets that are not fungible. In someimplementations, digital assets may be virtual items that are usablewithin one or more online gaming platforms 105, e.g., to perform anindividual in-game action in an instance of a game. For example, somedigital assets may represent a user-controllable three-dimensionalin-game character that can interact with other virtual items withinonline gaming platform 105. In some implementations, online gamingplatform 105 may be configured to host one or more games.

By way of non-limiting example, digital assets may represent virtualitems. In some implementations, virtual items may include one or more ofweapons, toys, characters, abilities, skills, tools, pets, clothing,vehicles, game levels, missions, assignments, chapters, tasks,mini-games, restricted areas within a virtual space, restricted modes ofgameplay, access rights within an online game, and/or other virtualitems. In some implementations, virtual items may refer to any item orobject within gaming platform 105 that a user may use, own, sell, trade,destroy, and/or otherwise effectuate a change of ownership of.

As used herein, a digital asset is fungible if it is functionally and/orphysically indistinguishable from another digital asset. For example, apayment token such as a Bitcoin may be a fungible digital asset. Adigital asset may be non-fungible if it is unique, or one-of-a-kind. Forexample, a specific individual Crypt® Kitty™ may be a non-fungibledigital asset. A digital asset may be semi-fungible if there is a set ofa limited number of similar but distinguishable digital assets. Forexample, a limited-edition Blank® ™ or another in-game character may bea semi-fungible digital asset. For example, one of a limited number of2-dimensional or 3-dimensional in-game virtual items may be asemi-fungible digital asset. For example, a digital ticket to a show,concert, exhibition, and/or other event may be a semi-fungible digitalasset. For example, a piece of art or jewelry (e.g., as a virtual itemor as representing a physical item) may be a semi-fungible digitalasset. As used herein, both non-fungible and semi-fungible digitalassets are considered as “not fungible” digital assets. In someimplementations, semi-fungible digital assets may share the same orsimilar data as other digital assets, but have at least a uniqueidentifier, and/or other distinguishable asset-specific information.

In some implementations, digital assets may be usable within one or moregames. Instances of the games may be executed within one or more onlinegaming platforms 105. As used herein, online gaming platform 105 mayrefer to either an individual game (e.g., an interactive online game), atype of gaming console, an ecosystem of a game or gaming console, and/orany combination thereof. Online gaming platform 105 may be operated,hosted, and/or owned by one or more stakeholders of online gamingplatform 105. For example, in some implementations, a platform operator(and/or another stakeholder) may sell digital in-game assets (e.g.,characters, weapons, resources, etc.) to users 123 of online gamingplatform 105. This may be referred to as a primary market for digitalin-game assets. However, such a sale is not a peer-to-peer exchange. Asused herein, peer-to-peer exchanges refer to individual playersauctioning, selling, purchasing, trading, bartering, and/or otherwiseexchanging digital assets (directly) with other individual players. Inother words, individual players may own individual virtual items, andexchange these items with other individual players by virtue of thesystems and methods described in this disclosure. This may be referredto as a secondary market for digital in-game assets. As used herein, apeer-to-peer exchange may be referred to as decentralized if nocentralized authority (such as, e.g., a platform operator, an onlinestore, etc.) is required to complete the exchange between two individualplayers.

Due to an exchange, ownership of a digital asset transitions from anoriginal owner to a new owner (even if, in some implementations, theremay be one or more intermediary and/or temporary owners during theprocess of performing the exchange). In some implementations, aparticular exchange of a particular digital asset may be reversible ifat least one party to the particular exchange unilaterally opts toreverse and/or undo the particular exchange such that the particulardigital asset is returned to the original owner. In someimplementations, either the original owner of the particular digitalasset or the new owner of the particular digital asset may unilaterallyopt for a reversal of the particular exchange. In some implementations,only the new owner may unilaterally opt for a reversal of the particularexchange. In some implementations, reversibility of a particularexchange may be limited in one or more ways. For example, reversibilitymay be time-limited to a predetermined number of days from a predefinedmoment and/or action within the particular exchange. In someimplementations, the predefined moment and/or action within theparticular exchange may be the moment the new owner commits to theparticular exchange (where commitment may be defined by the absence ofreversibility or by an assumption that the particular exchange will notbe reversed). In some implementations, the predefined moment and/oraction within the particular exchange may be the moment the new ownercan or does use the particular digital asset in any way. In someimplementations, the predefined moment and/or action within theparticular exchange may be the moment the original owner authorizesand/or commits to the particular exchange.

In some implementations, system 100 may include one or more of anexternal payment application server 115, one or more online gamingplatforms 105, one or more decentralized ledger servers 111, one or moreclient computing platforms 104, one or more user interfaces 125, one ormore servers 102, electronic storage 130, one or more external resources138, and/or other components. Users 123 (also referred to as players)may include one or more of a first user, a second user, a third user, afourth user, and/or other users.

Server(s) 102 may be configured to communicate with one or more clientcomputing platforms 104 according to a client/server architecture and/orother architectures. Client computing platform(s) 104 may be configuredto communicate with other client computing platforms via server(s) 102and/or according to a peer-to-peer architecture and/or otherarchitectures. Users 123 may access system 100 via user interfaces 125and/or client computing platform(s) 104.

In some implementations, components of system 100 may be configured tocommunicate with one or more of online gaming platform(s) 105,decentralized ledger server(s) 111, external payment application server115, client computing platform(s) 104, users 123, and/or othercomponents. Users 123 may include players who play and/or otherwiseinteract on online gaming platform 105. In some implementations, onlinegaming platform 105 may include an online store or exchange thatfacilitates a primary market in digital assets.

Online gaming platforms 105 may include one or more of electronicstorage 130, server(s) 102, processor(s) 132, machine-readableinstructions 106, and/or other components. Server(s) 102 may beconfigured by machine-readable instructions 106. Machine-readableinstructions 106 may include one or more instruction components. Theinstruction components may include computer program components. Theinstruction components may include one or more of a game component 108,an interaction component 110, an inventory component 112, an accesscomponent 114, a response component 116, a request component 118, atransfer component 120, an input component 122, an inventory requestcomponent 126, a transfer request component 128, a record component 134,an instruction component 136, and/or other components. The depiction inFIG. 1 of certain components being arranged, organized, and/or otherwiseincluded in other components is merely exemplary, and not intended to belimiting.

In some implementations, external payment application server 115 mayinclude one or more of electronic storage 130 a, server(s) 102 (notdepicted in FIG. 1), processor(s) 132 a, machine-readable instructions106 a, and/or other components. External payment application server 115may be configured to support exchanges involving fiat currency. In someimplementations, payment applications may be linked to bank accounts,checking accounts, financial applications, and/or other financialservices. In some implementations, external payment application server115 may be configured to support exchanges involving combinations offiat currency and virtual currency (including but not limited to one ormore cryptocurrencies). External payment application server 115 may beconfigured to support user accounts for different users. For example, afirst external user account may be associated with a first user, asecond external user account may be associated with a second user, andso forth. These external user accounts may be separate, different,and/or independent of the user accounts in online gaming platform 105,even if associated with the same users.

Electronic storage 130 a may be similar to electronic storage 130 asdescribed elsewhere in this disclosure, though included in online gamingplatforms 105. Processor(s) 132 a may be similar to processor(s) 132 asdescribed elsewhere in this disclosure, though included in online gamingplatforms 105. Machine-readable instructions 106 a may be similar tomachine-readable instructions 106 as described elsewhere in thisdisclosure, though included in online gaming platforms 105. In someimplementations, machine-readable instructions 106 a may include one ormore instruction components, such as inventory request component 126,transfer request component 128, and/or other components.

In some implementations, decentralized ledger server(s) 111 may includeone or more of a blockchain 111 a, electronic storage 130 b, server(s)102 (not depicted in FIG. 1), processor(s) 132 b, machine-readableinstructions 106 b, and/or other components. Electronic storage 130 bmay be similar to electronic storage 130 as described elsewhere in thisdisclosure, though included in decentralized ledger server(s) 111.Processor(s) 132 b may be similar to processor(s) 132 as describedelsewhere in this disclosure, though included in decentralized ledgerserver(s) 111. Machine-readable instructions 106 b may be similar tomachine-readable instructions 106 as described elsewhere in thisdisclosure, though included in decentralized ledger server(s) 111. Insome implementations, machine-readable instructions 106 b may includeone or more instruction components, such as record component 134,instruction component 136, and/or other components.

Game component 108 may be configured to execute an instance of a game(e.g., an online game within online gaming platform 105) to facilitatepresentation of the online game to users 123. In some implementations,game component 108 may be configured to implement in-game actions in theinstance of the game, e.g., in response to action requests for thein-game actions by users 123. Users 123 may interact with online gamingplatform 105. In some implementations, game component 108 may bearranged, organized, and/or otherwise included in online gaming platform105. As used herein, the term “game” may refer to one or more gameswithin gaming platform 105. The game may be provided via a virtualspace, and may include a plurality of resource types and/or maps. Aninstance of the virtual space may be executed by one or more computercomponents to determine views of the virtual space. In someimplementations, presentations of the game may be based on determinedviews. In some implementations, views may be communicated (e.g., bystreaming, via object/position data, and/or other information) fromserver(s) 102 and/or other sources to client computing platforms 104 forpresentation to users 123. The view determined and transmitted to agiven client computing platform 104 may correspond to a location in thevirtual space (e.g., the location from which the view is taken, thelocation the view depicts, and/or other locations), a zoom ratio, adimensionality of objects, a point-of-view, and/or view parameters. Insome implementations, one or more view parameters may be selectable by auser.

The instance of the game may include a simulated space that isaccessible by users 123 by clients (e.g., client computing platforms104) that present the views of the virtual space to a user. Thesimulated space may have a topography, express ongoing real-timeinteraction by one or more users 123, and/or include one or more objectspositioned within the topography that are capable of locomotion and/ormovement within the topography. In some implementations, the topographymay be a 2-dimensional topography. In some implementations, thetopography may be a 3-dimensional topography. The topography may includedimensions of the simulated space, and/or surface features of a surfaceor objects that are native to the simulated space. In someimplementations, the topography may include a surface (e.g., a groundsurface) that runs through at least a substantial section of thesimulated space. In some implementations, the topography may describe avolume with one or more bodies positioned therein. The instance executedby the computer components may be synchronous, asynchronous, and/orsemi-synchronous.

Within the instance of the game, users 123 may control characters,objects, simulated physical phenomena, and/or other elements within thevirtual space to interact with the virtual space and/or each other. Theuser characters may include avatars. As used herein, the term “usercharacter” may refer to an object or group of objects present in thevirtual space, that correspond(s) to an individual user. A particularuser character may be controlled by the particular user with which it isassociated. Such user characters may be referred to as user-controlledcharacters. User-controlled element(s) may move through and interactwith the virtual space (e.g., non-user characters in the virtual space,other objects in the virtual space, etc.). In some implementations,user-controlled characters may be capable of locomotion and/or movementwithin the topography of the simulated space that is included in theinstance of a game. User-controlled elements controlled by and/orassociated with a given user may be created and/or customized by thegiven user. Individual users 123 may have an “inventory” of virtualgoods and currency (e.g., resources of the plurality of resource types)that the individual user can use (e.g., by manipulation of a usercharacter and/or other user-controlled elements) and/or other items, toperform in-game actions within the virtual space. In someimplementations, user inventories may be managed using blockchain 111 a.For example, ownership of individual virtual items included in anindividual user inventory may be recorded on blockchain 111 a. In someimplementations, individual user inventories may correspond toindividual smart contracts stored on blockchain 111 a.

Interaction component 110 may be configured to facilitate interactionbetween users 123 within online gaming platform 105, and, in particular,within instances of the online games that are executed by game component108. For example, interaction component 110 may facilitate interactionby a particular user with other users within an instance of a particularonline game. For example, the interaction may include user-controlledin-game actions by a particular digital asset that are controlled by theparticular user. In some implementations, the interaction may occursubsequent to temporarily transferring ownership of the particulardigital asset from an original owner (e.g., to the particular user).Alternatively, and/or simultaneously, the interaction may occur prior toa determination whether to reverse a particular reversible exchangeinvolving the particular digital asset. In some implementations, one ormore particular types of interaction may be facilitated by interactioncomponent 110. For example, interaction may be limited to certain typesof in-game actions. In some implementations, interaction may be limitedto a certain time or period, including but not limited to a waitingperiod as used and described elsewhere in this disclosure regardingtime-limited reversibility of particular exchanges. In someimplementations, interaction component 110 may be arranged, organized,and/or otherwise included in online gaming platform 105.

In some implementations, interaction component 110 may facilitateinteraction by a particular user with other users within online gamingplatform 105, through a particular digital asset that is beingcontrolled by the particular user during a particular period, eventhough the particular user is not (yet) the non-temporary owner of theparticular digital asset. For example, the particular period may startwhen the particular user commits to the exchange involving theparticular digital asset, or when the particular user provides thebenefit in exchange for the particular digital asset, and/or at anotherpredefined moment during the exchange process. For example, theparticular period may end at the moment a determination has been maderegarding a reversal of the exchange involving the particular digitalasset. In some implementations, one or more types of ownership rightsare temporarily transferred to the particular user during the particularperiod. For example, one of the types of ownership rights may give theparticular user the right to use the particular digital asset in certainlimited ways. For example, usage may be limited to one or more types ofin-game actions. For example, the allowed one or more types of in-gameactions may exclude in-game actions that inflict damage to (or evendestroy) the particular digital asset. In some implementations, upon areversal of the exchange involving the particular digital asset, thetemporarily transferred (types of) ownership rights may be modifiedand/or removed such that the particular user is no longer allowed and/orable to user the particular digital asset in the same way as compared tothe particular period. In other words, in some implementations, theparticular interaction as facilitated during the particular period maybe disabled upon the reversal of the exchange.

Inventory component 112 may be configured to receive requests forinformation, including but not limited to (particular types of)inventory requests for information regarding particular digital assetsand/or user-specific inventories. For example, a particular inventoryrequest may request information regarding one or more digital assets ina particular user inventory of a particular user. In someimplementations, an inventory request may pertain to an entire userinventory. In some implementations, a user may select to opt-in one ormore digital assets from the user's inventory with regard to inventoryrequests. In some implementations, a user may select to opt-out one ormore digital assets from the user's inventory with regard to inventoryrequests. In some implementations, inventory component 112 may receive arequest from a user's client computing platform 104. In someimplementations, inventory component 112 may receive a request on behalfof a user from online gaming platform 105. In some implementations,inventory component 112 may receive a request on behalf of a user fromexternal payment application server 115.

Access component 114 may be configured to access decentralized ledgerserver 111 and/or blockchain 111 a to obtain information. By way ofnon-limiting example, the obtained information may include assetinformation regarding digital assets. In some implementations, thedigital assets may be recorded on blockchain 111 a. In someimplementations, rights pertaining to the digital assets may be recordedon blockchain 111 a. In some implementations, recorded rights mayreflect ownership of digital assets. For example, the digital assets mayinclude a first digital asset, a second digital asset, and so forth. Insome implementations, access component 114 may access decentralizedledger server 111 and/or blockchain 111 a to analyze recordedinformation (e.g., rights, transactions, and so forth) to determine aparticular user's inventory, a particular digital asset's owner(ship),and/or other information stored in blockchain 111 a.

Response component 116 may be configured to transfer information inresponse to requests. For example, requests may include inventoryrequests as received by inventory component 112. Transferred informationmay include information obtained by access component 114. In someimplementations, transferred information may include a reference and/orlink to information obtained by access component 114. In someimplementations, transferred information may be transferred to a user'sclient computing platform 104 (e.g., for sharing with other users and/orother client computing platforms 104). In some implementations,transferred information may be transferred to online gaming platform105. In some implementations, transferred information may be transferredto external payment application server 115.

Request component 118 may be configured to receive requests fortransfers of ownership. For example, request component 118 may receive aparticular request for a transfer of ownership of a particular digitalasset. Transfer requests may be to transfer the ownership from a firstuser to a second user. In some implementations, a particular transferrequest may be to move a particular digital asset from a firstblockchain to a second blockchain (e.g., a blockchain hosted by externalpayment application server 115 and/or stakeholders of external paymentapplication server 115). In some implementations, a transfer request maybe received from a source external to both online gaming platform 105and decentralized ledger server 111. For example, request component 118may receive a transfer request from a client computing platform 104associated with a particular user. For example, request component 118may receive a transfer request from external payment application server115. In some implementations, other external sources may be envisioned.In some implementations, the users may reach an agreement regarding aparticular exchange through a source external to both online gamingplatform 105 and decentralized ledger server 111, such as, for example,through external payment application server 115. For example, one usermay make an offer, and the other user may accept the offer (and, in someimplementations, this communication may take place via external paymentapplication server 115).

Transfer component 120 may be configured to generate sets ofinstructions. The sets of instructions may be for decentralized ledgerserver 111, e.g., to accomplish a transaction on blockchain 111 a. Insome implementations, transfer component 120 may generate a set of oneor more instructions to accomplish a transfer (e.g., of ownership of aparticular digital asset) as requested in a particular transfer request(e.g., as received by request component 118). In some implementations,response component 116 may be configured to transfer sets of information(as generated by transfer component 120) to decentralized ledger server111 and/or blockchain 111 a.

Instruction component 136 may be configured to receive (sets of)instructions to add, modify, and/or remove recorded rights in blockchain111 a. For example, instruction component 136 may receive one or moresets of instructions from response component 116, online gaming platform105, and/or other components of system 100. Instruction component 136may provide received sets of instructions to record component 134 forexecution. In some implementations, instruction component 136 may bearranged, organized, and/or otherwise included in decentralized ledgerserver 111 and/or blockchain 111 a.

Record component 134 may be configured to record rights pertaining todigital assets on blockchain 111 a. In some implementations, recordcomponent 134 may record rights on a decentralized ledger implemented bydecentralized ledger server 111. For example, the decentralized ledgermay be blockchain 111 a. The rights may include ownership rights,distribution rights, and/or other rights. For example, particularrecorded rights may reflect ownership of a particular digital asset by aparticular user. For example, the particular digital asset may be notfungible, and may represent a three-dimensional in-gameuser-controllable character that can interact with other virtual itemswithin online gaming platform 105. Recorded rights may beasset-specific. For example, distribution rights for a particulardigital asset may designate rights to certain distributions of benefitsupon an exchange involving the particular digital asset. For example,the asset-specific distribution rights for a particular digital assetmay include one or more of (i) a right owned by a different user to apart of the benefits upon an exchange, (ii) a right owned by one or morestakeholders of online gaming platform 105 to a part of the benefitsupon an exchange, (iii) a right owned by one or more stakeholders ofexternal payment application server 115 upon an exchange, and/or otherdistribution rights. These parts of a benefit may have different sizes,percentages, and/or conditions.

In some implementations, record component 134 may be configured torecord rights in blockchain 111 a. In some implementations, recordcomponent 134 may add, modify, and/or remove recorded rights. Forexample, in accordance with received instructions from instructioncomponent 136, record component 134 may transfer ownership of aparticular digital asset from a first owner to a second owner (e.g.,from an original owner to a new owner) such that the recorded rights onblockchain 111 a no longer reflect the ownership of the particulardigital asset by the first user. In some implementations, in accordancewith received instructions, record component 134 may transfer ownershipof a particular digital asset temporarily, e.g., from a first owner to atemporary second owner. In some case, a temporary owner may be a holdingaccount that is merely used until ownership is transferred to either theoriginal owner or a new owner. As used herein, the term “temporary” (andderivatives thereof) refers to a transfer or to ownership that is eitherknown to be changed and/or modified within a predetermined period, orexpected to be changed and/or modified within a predetermined period.Conversely, a non-temporary transfer from a first owner to a secondowner (due to a particular exchange) can conceivably be changed and/orreverted (back from the second owner to the first owner) due to aseparate and new exchange that is independent of the first particularexchange. In some implementations, in accordance with receivedinstructions, record component 134 may transfer ownership of aparticular digital asset non-temporarily from a first owner to a secondowner, e.g., when a particular exchange is not reversible or no longerreversible. In some implementations, record component 134 may bearranged, organized, and/or otherwise included in blockchain 111 a.

In some implementations, record component 134 may be configured toobtain asset-specific rights (e.g., ownership rights, distributionrights, and/or other rights) for particular digital assets. In someimplementations, record component 134 may be configured to accessblockchain 111 a to obtain the asset-specific rights (that are recordedon blockchain 111 a, e.g., in one or more smart contracts).

Input component 122 may be configured to receive user input from users.In some implementations, user input may be received through userinterfaces 125. In some implementations, user input may provide entryand/or selection of one or more digital assets to be included byinventory component 112. In some implementations, user input may provideentry and/or selection of one or more digital assets to be excluded byinventory component 112.

Inventory request component 126 may be configured to generate and/ortransfer inventory requests, including but not limited to inventoryrequests that are transferred to and received by inventory component112. In some implementations, inventory request component 126 may beincluded in external payment application server 115. In someimplementations, operations by inventory request component 126 may beinitiated by an external user account that is managed by externalpayment application server 115. For example, a particular user maytransfer an inventory request regarding another user (based on theusername of the other user, or some identifier that identifies the otheruser, or on physical proximity of the other user's client computingplatform 104, and so forth), and, in response to such an inventoryrequest, obtain asset information for at least part of the other user'sinventory of digital assets.

Transfer request component 128 may be configured to generate and/ortransfer (transfer) requests, including but not limited to transferrequests that are transferred to and received by request component 118.In some implementations, transfer request component 128 may be includedin external payment application server 115. In some implementations,operations by transfer request component 128 may be initiated by anexternal user account that is managed by external payment applicationserver 115.

By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary timingdiagram 30 of actions as may occur in a system similar to or the same assystem 100. A first action in timing diagram 30 represents an inventoryrequest 31 from a user 11 to online gaming platform 105. Subsequent torequest 31, an access 32 represents access to decentralized ledgerserver 111 and/or blockchain 111 a (e.g., on a permissioned blockchainthat is configured to record ownership and distribution rights ofdigital assets) to obtain asset information about digital assets. Insome implementations, access may be initiated by online gaming platform105. Subsequent to access 32, obtained information 33 from blockchain111 a about the digital assets is transferred to online gaming platform105 and/or user 11, e.g., in response to inventory request 31.Subsequently, user 11 may share information (e.g., obtained information33, or information based thereon, or a reference or link thereto) withuser 12, as indicated by sharing 34. In some implementations, sharing 34may occur via external payment application server 115. By way ofnon-limiting example, user 11 may display a link or code on a clientcomputing platform, which may be captured using a camera on anotherclient computing platform (the latter being associated with user 12). Asanother example, user 11 may transfer a direct message to user 12. Asanother example, user 11's client computing platform may establish aconnection with user 12's client computing platform, e.g., based onphysical proximity (e.g., using near-field communications (NFC) or otherproximity-based communication techniques). Subsequently, user 12 maysend a transfer request 35 to one or both of external paymentapplication server 115 and/or online gaming platform 105. The transferrequest may be to transfer ownership of a particular digital asset fromuser 11 to user 12. Subsequently, online gaming platform 105 maygenerate a set of instructions 36, and transfer the set of instructionsto decentralized ledger server 111 and/or blockchain 111 a, as indicatedby transfer 37. Subsequently, decentralized ledger server 111 and/orblockchain 111 a may execute the set of instructions to accomplishand/or perform the exchange of ownership from user 11 to user 12, asindicated by exchange 38. Actions in accordance with this disclosure mayinclude additional and/or different actions and/or steps then depictedin FIG. 3, which is merely intended to be exemplary.

By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 4 depicts a user interface 400, asmay be presented to individual users through particular user interfaces125 to facilitate the exchange of digital assets (and/or informationabout digital assets) between users. Available digital assets forexchange (for a particular user) may be presented as an inventory 41,including a list of virtual items (from 1 to 5), associated iteminformation (from 1 to 5), and graphical user interface elements (here,action buttons) that enable an individual user to toggle visibility,such as, for example an action button 42 that would, upon activation bythe individual user, make virtual item 1 visible to other users (throughan inventory request as described elsewhere in this disclosure). In someimplementations, the associated virtual item information (here, iteminformation 1 to 5) may include item-specific information. For example,store interface 400 may be presented to user 11 (in FIG. 3), such thatactivation of action button 42 causes an information to be shared withuser 12, similar to sharing 34 (FIG. 3).

In some implementations, blockchain 111 a may be maintained by adistributed computing platform (not shown in FIG. 1). In someimplementations, the distributed computing platform may be implementedby a set of client computing platforms and/or servers. The distributedcomputing platform may support a virtual machine (not shown in FIG. 1).The distributed computing platform and/or the virtual machine may form aruntime environment for smart contracts and/or other executable code. Insome implementations, the distributed computing platform may includeelectronic storage configured to store part or all of blockchain 111 a.The smart contracts may be stored on blockchain 111 a. In someimplementations, the distributed computing platform may be the EOSIOplatform. In some implementations, the distributed computing platformmay be Ethereum. In some implementations, the distributed computingplatform may be similar to Ethereum. In some implementations, thevirtual machine may be a decentralized virtual machine.

Blockchain 111 a may implement a decentralized ledger that recordsrights pertaining to digital assets. For example, a blockchain is a typeof ledger, as well as a type of decentralized database that recordsrights pertaining to digital assets. A given (digital) asset may beowned by a particular user. An asset may include anything of materialvalue or usefulness that is owned by or on behalf of one or more users.In some implementations, a virtual item (that may be used within gamingplatform 105 and/or may be useful within gaming platform 105) may berepresented by a digital asset that is recorded on one or moreblockchain 111 a. In some implementations, a right pertaining to anobject (e.g., a distribution right) may be an asset, the object being aphysical or a virtual item. Multiple rights may form a set of rights ora bundle of rights that may be transferred and/or otherwise acted onand/or operated on together. For example, rights may include one or moreof a right to use, a right to sell, a right to destroy, a right tocertain types of distributions, and/or other rights. For example, insome implementations, rights pertaining to a virtual item (e.g.,ownership) may be recorded on blockchain 111 a.

In some implementations, tokens may be a type of asset. In someimplementations, tokens may include one or more of security tokens,utility tokens, payment tokens, initial coin offering (ICO) tokens,virtual currency tokens, crypto tokens, ERC-20 tokens, EOS tokens,and/or other tokens. In some implementations, tokens not only representvalue, but may have a specific use in a particular distributed computingplatform, e.g., in the operation of blockchain 111 a.

In some implementations, blockchain 111 a may register transactions thatmodify ownership (and/or other rights) pertaining to digital assets. Asmart contract may implement a (type of) digital asset. In someimplementations, once a smart contract has been added to a blockchain,the smart contract may be referred to as published, posted, registered,and/or recorded. Elements of blockchain 111 a may be grouped together inunits that are referred to as blocks. For example, an individual blockmay include one or more assets and one or more transactions. Forexample, an individual block may be linked to one or more otherindividual blocks. Individual blocks may be linked or chained togetherto form a structure of blocks and/or a hierarchy of blocks, such as,e.g., a chain of blocks. An individual block may include one or moreassets, one or more transactions, and/or other information. In someimplementations, individual blocks in the structure of blocks may belinked together based on a hashing function that provides one-wayencryption (see below). In some implementations, multiple transactionsmay be recorded in an individual block. In some implementations,addition of an individual block to the structure of blocks may requirethat at least a minimum number of nodes independently agree to appendthe individual block in accordance with a consensus mechanism.

In some implementations, blockchain 111 a may be publicly accessible. Insome implementations, blockchain 111 a may be append-only. In someimplementations, existing blocks of a distributed blockchain cansubstantially not be altered or deleted, unless multiple copies of thedistributed blockchain are altered. This is unlikely to happen providedthat multiple copies of the distributed blockchain are stored ondifferent computing platforms, e.g., in different geographicallocations. The distributed blockchain may be replicated on multiplecomputing platforms, preferably in multiple different geographicallocations. Additionally, individual blocks may be linked together in amanner that prevents tampering, such as, e.g., using a hash chain and/ordigital signatures. In particular, hash values may be generated usingfixed-output-length one-way hashing functions that take variable-lengthinput, and may be effectively impossible (or, at least, computationallyinfeasible) to reverse. As such, a hashing function may provide one-wayencryption. By way of non-limiting example, the hashing function may beSHA-256, BLAKE2, SHAKE256, and/or another hashing function. Contents ofindividual blocks, transactions, and/or assets may be digitally signedin a manner that proves integrity and/or prevents tampering, e.g., byproviding authentication.

By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 5A illustrates a blockchain 111 bthat implements a blockchain including a block 0, a block 1, and a block2. For example, blockchain 111 b may be similar to blockchain 111 a (notdepicted in FIG. 5A) as described elsewhere in this disclosure. As timeprogresses, more blocks may be added to blockchain 111 b. The blockswithin blockchain 111 b are ordered. As shown in block 0, three assets(indicated by a capital “A” or “C”) are created and/or generated, andsubsequently assigned to three users or players: a first asset isassigned to user i (Ui), a second asset is assigned to user j (Uj), anda third asset is a smart contract 41 (indicated by a capital “C”) thatis assigned to or owned by user q (Uq). Smart contract 41 may implementa limited number of digital assets of a given type “X”. A function callto a function defined by smart contract 41 (e.g., to request aparticular type of usage, creation, and/or issuance of a digital assetof type “X”) may be depicted and/or implemented as a transaction (e.g.,the function may be invoked in exchange for consideration). In someimplementations, smart contract 41 may have been posted to blockchain111 b by (or on behalf of) an owner or creator (here, user q). As usedin the context of blockchains, assignments may record ownership. Theseassets and smart contracts may be individually manifested, deployed,and/or instantiated through a record component similar to recordcomponent 134 (see FIG. 1). Block 1 is connected to block 0 (asindicated by a link 50 a), for example by including an address of block1 in block 0, or vice versa. Likewise, block 1 is connected to block 2,as indicated by a link 50 b.

In block 1, one asset (labeled Ax) is assigned to user q (Uq), forexample by associating an address of user q with asset Ax. Asset Ax mayrepresent an individual digital asset of type “X”, which may be notfungible. Asset Ax may be created and/or issued by invoking one or morefunction calls to smart contract 41. Asset Ax may have associatedmetadata 52 (indicated by a capital “M”), which may include and/or linkto different types of information, including but not limited to one ormore of a name, identifier, description, an image 53, (in-game) details,certificate of authenticity, and/or other information, as depicted. Forexample, the certificate of authenticity may be a digital signature.Additionally, block 1 includes two transactions (indicated by a capital“T”): a first transaction from user i to user j, and a secondtransaction from user j to user k. Block 2 includes a first transactionfrom user j to user m, and a second transaction from user j to user n.In some implementations, based on the contents of the blocks, any userof blockchain 111 b may determine the current assets of blockchain 111b, and the balances of any user. In some implementations, the balance ofa particular user may be verified prior to adding a transaction thatreduces that particular user's balance. For example, an individual usermay not be allowed to transfer assets the individual user does not own.

By way of non-limiting example, FIG. 5B illustrates a blockchain 111 cthat includes the same blocks as blockchain 111 b of FIG. 5A, plusadditional blocks (block 3, block 4, block 5) that have been appended tothe blockchain. Block 3 may be connected to block 2 (as indicated by alink 50 c), block 4 may be connected to block 3 (as indicated by a link50 d), and block 5 may be connected to block 4 (as indicated by a link50 e). In block 3, another asset (labeled Ax, having associated metadata44) of type “X” is assigned to user q (Uq). At least the identifier(here, “#002”) and the certificate of authenticity in metadata 44 willbe different than the identifier and the certificate of authenticity inmetadata 42 of FIG. 5A. Block 4 includes two transactions (indicated bya capital “T”): a first transaction from user i to user n. For example,the transaction may represent a purchase of a first virtual item by usern. Additionally, block 4 includes a second transaction from user q tothe same smart contract as depicted in block 0. For example, the secondtransaction may represent user q offering to exchange a particulardigital asset of the given type “X” for a particular benefit. At somepoint, user p may provide the particular benefit and the ownership ofthe particular digital asset may be subsequently recorded as and/orotherwise assigned to user p. Block 5 includes this transaction(indicated by a capital “T”), representing a non-temporary transfer ofownership of the particular digital asset of the given type “X” from oldowner user q to new owner user p. For example, the transaction in block5 may occur after user p provides the particular benefit in exchange forownership of the particular digital asset.

Referring to FIG. 1, user interfaces 125 may be configured to facilitateinteraction between users 123 and system 100 and/or between users 123and client computing platforms 104. For example, user interfaces 125 mayprovide an interface through which users 123 may provide information toand/or receive information from system 100. In some implementations,user interface 125 may include one or more of a display screen,touchscreen, monitor, a keyboard, buttons, switches, knobs, levers,mouse, microphones, sensors to capture voice commands, sensors tocapture body movement, sensors to capture hand and/or finger gestures,and/or other user interface devices configured to receive and/or conveyuser input. In some implementations, one or more user interfaces 125 maybe included in one or more client computing platforms 104. In someimplementations, one or more user interfaces 125 may be included insystem 100. In some implementations, user interface 125 may be a type ofinterface that facilitates the exchange of virtual items between users.

Referring to FIG. 1, in some implementations, server(s) 102, clientcomputing platform(s) 104, and/or external resources 138 may beoperatively linked via one or more electronic communication links. Forexample, such electronic communication links may be established, atleast in part, via one or more networks 13, including but not limited tothe Internet and/or other networks. It will be appreciated that this isnot intended to be limiting, and that the scope of this disclosureincludes implementations in which server(s) 102, client computingplatform(s) 104, and/or external resources 138 may be operatively linkedvia some other communication media.

A given client computing platform 104 may include one or more processorsconfigured to execute computer program components. The computer programcomponents may be configured to enable an expert or user associated withthe given client computing platform 104 to interface with system 100and/or external resources 138, and/or provide other functionalityattributed herein to client computing platform(s) 104. By way ofnon-limiting example, the given client computing platform 104 mayinclude one or more of a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a handheldcomputer, a tablet computing platform, a NetBook, a Smartphone, a smartwatch, a gaming console, and/or other computing platforms.

External resources 138 may include sources of information outside ofsystem 100, external entities participating with system 100, and/orother resources. For example, in some implementations, externalresources 138 may include an online financial platform through whichusers may access financial information and/or perform financialtransactions. In some implementations, some or all of the functionalityattributed herein to external resources 138 may be provided by resourcesincluded in system 100.

Server(s) 102 may include electronic storage 130, one or more processors132, and/or other components. Server(s) 102 may include communicationlines, or ports to enable the exchange of information with a networkand/or other computing platforms. Illustration of server(s) 102 in FIG.1 is not intended to be limiting. Server(s) 102 may include a pluralityof hardware, software, and/or firmware components operating together toprovide the functionality attributed herein to server(s) 102. Forexample, server(s) 102 may be implemented by a cloud of computingplatforms operating together as server(s) 102.

Electronic storage 130 may comprise non-transitory storage media thatelectronically stores information. The electronic storage media ofelectronic storage 130 may include one or both of system storage that isprovided integrally (i.e., substantially non-removable) with server(s)102 and/or removable storage that is removably connectable to server(s)102 via, for example, a port (e.g., a USB port, a firewire port, etc.)or a drive (e.g., a disk drive, etc.). Electronic storage 130 mayinclude one or more of optically readable storage media (e.g., opticaldisks, etc.), magnetically readable storage media (e.g., magnetic tape,magnetic hard drive, floppy drive, etc.), electrical charge-basedstorage media (e.g., EEPROM, RAM, etc.), solid-state storage media(e.g., flash drive, etc.), and/or other electronically readable storagemedia. Electronic storage 130 may include one or more virtual storageresources (e.g., cloud storage, a virtual private network, and/or othervirtual storage resources). Electronic storage 130 may store softwarealgorithms, information determined by processor(s) 132, informationreceived from server(s) 102, information received from client computingplatform(s) 104, and/or other information that enables server(s) 102 tofunction as described herein.

Processor(s) 132 may be configured to provide information processingcapabilities in server(s) 102. As such, processor(s) 132 may include oneor more of a digital processor, an analog processor, a digital circuitdesigned to process information, an analog circuit designed to processinformation, a state machine, and/or other mechanisms for electronicallyprocessing information. Although processor(s) 132 is shown in FIG. 1 asa single entity, this is for illustrative purposes only. In someimplementations, processor(s) 132 may include a plurality of processingunits. These processing units may be physically located within the samedevice, or processor(s) 132 may represent processing functionality of aplurality of devices operating in coordination. Processor(s) 132 may beconfigured to execute components 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122,126, 128, 134, and/or 136, and/or other components. Processor(s) 132 maybe configured to execute components 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120,122, 126, 128, 134, and/or 136, and/or other components by software;hardware; firmware; some combination of software, hardware, and/orfirmware; and/or other mechanisms for configuring processingcapabilities on processor(s) 132. As used herein, the term “component”may refer to any component or set of components that perform thefunctionality attributed to the component. This may include one or morephysical processors during execution of processor readable instructions,the processor readable instructions, circuitry, hardware, storage media,or any other components.

It should be appreciated that although components 108, 110, 112, 114,116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134, and/or 136 are illustrated in FIG. 1as being implemented within particular components, in implementations inwhich processor(s) 132 includes multiple processing units, one or moreof components 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134,and/or 136 may be implemented remotely from the other components. Thedescription of the functionality provided by the different components108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134, and/or 136described below is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to belimiting, as any of components 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122,126, 128, 134, and/or 136 may provide more or less functionality than isdescribed. For example, one or more of components 108, 110, 112, 114,116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134, and/or 136 may be eliminated, andsome or all of its functionality may be provided by other ones ofcomponents 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134, and/or136. As another example, processor(s) 132 may be configured to executeone or more additional components that may perform some or all of thefunctionality attributed below to one of components 108, 110, 112, 114,116, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 134, and/or 136.

FIG. 2 illustrates a method 200 for facilitating peer-to-peer exchangesof digital assets, in accordance with one or more implementations. Theoperations of method 200 presented below are intended to beillustrative. In some implementations, method 200 may be accomplishedwith one or more additional operations not described, and/or without oneor more of the operations discussed. Additionally, the order in whichthe operations of method 200 are illustrated in FIG. 2 and describedbelow is not intended to be limiting.

In some implementations, method 200 may be implemented in one or moreprocessing devices (e.g., a digital processor, an analog processor, adigital circuit designed to process information, an analog circuitdesigned to process information, a state machine, and/or othermechanisms for electronically processing information). The one or moreprocessing devices may include one or more devices executing some or allof the operations of method 200 in response to instructions storedelectronically on an electronic storage medium. The one or moreprocessing devices may include one or more devices configured throughhardware, firmware, and/or software to be specifically designed forexecution of one or more of the operations of method 200.

At an operation 202, an instance of a game is executed, within an onlinegaming platform, to facilitate presentation of the game to users, andin-game actions are implemented in the instance of the game in responseto action requests for the in-game actions by the users. Thepresentation of the game is based on views of the game that aredetermined during execution of the game. The users include a first userthat interacts with the online gaming platform. In some embodiments,operation 202 is performed by a game component the same as or similar togame component 108 (shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 204, on behalf of the first user, an inventory requestis received for information regarding a first user inventory. The firstuser inventory is associated with the first user. In some embodiments,operation 204 is performed by an inventory component the same as orsimilar to inventory component 112 (shown in FIG. 1 and describedherein).

At an operation 206, the blockchain is accessed to obtain assetinformation about one or more of the digital assets such that the rightsof the one or more digital assets reflect ownership by the first user.The one or more digital assets include a first digital asset. The firstdigital asset is not fungible, and either is usable within the onlinegaming platform to perform an individual in-game action in the instanceof the game, or represents a three-dimensional in-game user-controllablecharacter that can interact with other virtual items within the onlinegaming platform, or both. In some embodiments, operation 206 isperformed by an access component the same as or similar to accesscomponent 114 (shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 208, information is transferred based on the obtainedasset information in response to the inventory request. In someembodiments, operation 208 is performed by a response component the sameas or similar to response component 116 (shown in FIG. 1 and describedherein).

At an operation 210, a transfer request is received, from a sourceexternal to both the online gaming platform and the decentralized ledgerserver, to transfer the ownership of the first digital asset from thefirst user to a second user. In some embodiments, operation 210 isperformed by a request component the same as or similar to requestcomponent 118 (shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 212, a first set of instructions is generated for thedecentralized ledger server to accomplish the transfer as requested inthe transfer request. In some embodiments, operation 212 is performed bya transfer component the same as or similar to transfer component 120(shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 214, the first set of instructions is transferred to thedecentralized ledger server. In some embodiments, operation 214 isperformed by a response component the same as or similar to responsecomponent 116 (shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 216, the first set of instructions is received from theonline gaming platform. In some embodiments, operation 216 is performedby an instruction component the same as or similar to instructioncomponent 136 (shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

At an operation 218, in accordance with the received first set ofinstructions, the ownership of the first digital asset is transferredfrom the first user to the second user, such that the rights as recordedon the blockchain no longer reflect the ownership of the first digitalasset by the first user. In some embodiments, operation 218 is performedby a record component the same as or similar to record component 134(shown in FIG. 1 and described herein).

Although the present technology has been described in detail for thepurpose of illustration based on what is currently considered to be themost practical and preferred implementations, it is to be understoodthat such detail is solely for that purpose and that the technology isnot limited to the disclosed implementations, but, on the contrary, isintended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements that arewithin the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it isto be understood that the present technology contemplates that, to theextent possible, one or more features of any implementation can becombined with one or more features of any other implementation.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system configured for peer-to-peer exchanges ofdigital assets, wherein the digital assets are not fungible, the systemcomprising: an online gaming platform configured to host one or moregames, wherein the online gaming platform includes one or moreprocessors configured by machine-readable instructions to: execute,within the online gaming platform, an instance of a game to facilitatepresentation of the game to users, and implement in-game actions in theinstance of the game in response to action requests for the in-gameactions by the users, wherein the presentation of the game is based onviews of the game that are determined during execution of the game,wherein the users include a first user; and manage users accountsassociated with the users, including a first user account associatedwith the first user, wherein the first user account includes a firstuser inventory; and a decentralized ledger server configured toimplement a blockchain, wherein the decentralized ledger server includesone or more processors configured by machine-readable instructions to:record, on the blockchain, rights pertaining to the digital assets,wherein the recorded rights reflect ownership of a first digital assetby the first user; and receive instructions to modify the recordedrights; wherein the one or more processors included in the online gamingplatform are further configured by machine-readable instructions to:receive, on behalf of the first user, an inventory request forinformation regarding the first user inventory, wherein the inventoryrequest is received from an external payment application server thatmanages a first external user account associated with the first user,the external payment application server being configured to supportexchanges involving fiat currency, and wherein the first user account isseparate and different from the first external user account; access theblockchain to obtain asset information about one or more of the digitalassets that are owned by the first user, wherein the one or more digitalassets include the first digital asset; transfer, to the externalpayment application server, information based on the obtained assetinformation in response to the inventory request; receive, from theexternal payment application server, a transfer request to transfer theownership of the first digital asset from the first user to a seconduser; and generate a first set of instructions for the decentralizedledger server to accomplish the transfer as requested in the transferrequest; wherein the one or more processors included in thedecentralized ledger server are further configured by themachine-readable instructions to: transfer, in accordance with the firstset of instructions, the ownership of the first digital asset from thefirst user to the second user, such that the recorded rights on theblockchain no longer reflect the ownership of the first digital asset bythe first user, wherein transferring the ownership of the first digitalasset from the first user to the second user involves an exchange ofconsideration supported by the external payment application server. 2.The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors of the onlinegaming platform are configured such that the inventory request isreceived on behalf of the first user from a first client computingplatform associated with the first user, and such that the informationbased on the obtained asset information is transferred to the firstclient computing platform in response to the inventory request.
 3. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the first digital asset is not fungible andeither: (i) is usable within the online gaming platform to perform anindividual in-game action in the instance of the game, or (ii)represents a three-dimensional in-game user-controllable character thatcan interact with other virtual items within the online gaming platform,or (iii) both (i) and (ii).
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the one ormore processors included in the online gaming platform are furtherconfigured by the machine-readable instructions to transfer the firstset of instructions to the decentralized ledger server, and wherein theone or more processors included in the decentralized ledger server arefurther configured by the machine-readable instructions to receive thefirst set of instructions from the online gaming platform.
 5. The systemof claim 1, wherein the one or more processors of the online gamingplatform are further configured to: receive user input from the firstuser, wherein the user input provides entry and/or selection of one ormore digital assets to be excluded from the transferred information inresponse to the inventory request.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein thetransferred information includes a three-dimensional visualrepresentation of the three-dimensional in-game user-controllablecharacter represented by the first digital asset.
 7. The system of claim1, wherein the asset information has been recorded on the blockchain. 8.The system of claim 1, wherein the recorded rights on the blockchainreflect the ownership of the first digital asset by the second user. 9.The system of claim 1, wherein execution of the received first set ofinstructions effectuates recording the ownership of the first digitalasset by the second user on a second blockchain that is different fromthe blockchain.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or moreprocessors included in the decentralized ledger server are furtherconfigured by the machine-readable instructions to execute the first setof instructions.
 11. A method for facilitating peer-to-peer exchanges ofdigital assets, wherein rights pertaining to the digital assets arerecorded on a blockchain implemented by a decentralized ledger server,wherein the rights reflect ownership, the method comprising: executing,within an online gaming platform, an instance of a game to facilitatepresentation of the game to users, and implementing in-game actions inthe instance of the game in response to action requests for the in-gameactions by the users, wherein the presentation of the game is based onviews of the game that are determined during execution of the game,wherein the users include a first user; managing users accountsassociated with the users, including a first user account associatedwith the first user, wherein the first user account includes a firstuser inventory; receiving, on behalf of the first user, an inventoryrequest for information regarding the first user inventory, wherein theinventory request is received from an external payment applicationserver that manages a first external user account associated with thefirst user, wherein the external payment application server supportsexchanges involving fiat currency, and wherein the first user account isseparate and different from the first external user account; accessingthe blockchain to obtain asset information about one or more of thedigital assets that are owned by the first user, wherein the one or moredigital assets include a first digital asset; transferring, to theexternal payment application server, information based on the obtainedasset information in response to the inventory request; receiving, fromthe external payment application server, a transfer request to transferthe ownership of the first digital asset from the first user to a seconduser; generating a first set of instructions for the decentralizedledger server to accomplish the transfer as requested in the transferrequest; and transferring, in accordance with the first set ofinstructions, the ownership of the first digital asset from the firstuser to the second user, such that the rights as recorded on theblockchain no longer reflect the ownership of the first digital asset bythe first user, wherein transferring the ownership of the first digitalasset from the first user to the second user involves an exchange ofconsideration supported by the external payment application server. 12.The method of claim 11, wherein receiving the inventory request includesreceiving from a first client computing platform associated with thefirst user, and wherein transferring the information based on theobtained asset information includes transferring to the first clientcomputing platform.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the firstdigital asset is not fungible and either: (i) is usable within theonline gaming platform to perform an individual in-game action in theinstance of the game, or (ii) represents a three-dimensional in-gameuser-controllable character that can interact with other virtual itemswithin the online gaming platform, or (iii) both (i) and (ii).
 14. Themethod of claim 11, further comprising: transferring the first set ofinstructions to the decentralized ledger server; and receiving the firstset of instructions from the online gaming platform.
 15. The method ofclaim 11, further comprising: receiving user input from the first user,wherein the user input provides entry and/or selection of one or moredigital assets to be excluded from the transferred information inresponse to the inventory request.
 16. The method of claim 11, whereinthe transferred information includes a three-dimensional visualrepresentation of the three-dimensional in-game user-controllablecharacter represented by the first digital asset.
 17. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the asset information has been recorded on theblockchain.
 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the recorded rights onthe blockchain reflect the ownership of the first digital asset by thesecond user.
 19. The method of claim 11, wherein execution of thereceived first set of instructions effectuates recording the ownershipof the first digital asset by the second user on a second blockchainthat is different from the blockchain.
 20. The method of claim 11,further comprising: executing the first set of instructions.